Article content
text
article
2014
per
Journal of Studies in Color World
Institute for Color Science and Technology
2251-7278
4
v.
3
no.
2014
0
0
https://jscw.icrc.ac.ir/article_81511_9b6daade861c0d898957c142911c177d.pdf
The Effect of Substratum Properties on the Survival of Attached Microorganisms and preventing from bio fouling
Ali
Bahrami
Department of Chemical Engineering-Biotechnology, Ashtar University of Technology
author
Vahid
Momeni
Department of Chemical Engineering-Biotechnology, Ashtar University of Technology
author
Mojtaba
Khani
Young Researchers and Elites Club, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University
author
text
article
2014
per
Microbial biofouling is a problem of microbial biofilms slime on surfaces is the usual manifestation of a phenomenon called “biofouling”. It occurs in a wide range of industrial processes and in all of them it is a nuisance, sometimes a very expensive one. An example is the interference with heat exchangers, where both macro- and microfouling contribute to losses in heat transfer and to increases in fluid friction resistance. Biofilm formation is dependent on the surrounding environmental conditions and substratum parameters. Once a biofilm forms many factors may influence cell survival and resistance. Cell adhesion to a surface is a prerequisite for colonization. However, attached microorganisms may not be able to multiply, and may merely be surviving on the surface, for example, at a solid–air interface, rather than forming a biofilm. Retention of attached cells is a key focus in terms of surface hygiene and biofilm control. Factors that affect this retention may differ from those affecting biofilm formed on the solid-liquid interface: the nature of the substratum, presence of organic material, the vitality of the attached microorganism, and of course the surrounding environment. The majority of publications focus on the solid-liquid interface; literature addressing the solid-air interface is considerably less substantia.this paper reviews these effecting factors and Knowledge of management strategies to these factors as preventing surfaces from biofouling.
Journal of Studies in Color World
Institute for Color Science and Technology
2251-7278
4
v.
3
no.
2014
3
11
https://jscw.icrc.ac.ir/article_76363_41e2f0911a7e07482f21452dba1e00f5.pdf
Thermal stability and flame retardancy of polyurethanes
Paria
Moaref
Department of Resins and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology
author
Behzad
Shirkavand
Department of Resins and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology
author
text
article
2014
per
Polyurethanes are one of the most important classes of polymers having a variety of applications in different industries. Importance of thermal degradation study of polyurethanes, understanding occurring processes during thermal stress and also influential parameters on thermal stability of this material offer polyurethanes ability of being applicant in specific conditions. In this article, influence of different structural parameters, methods of improving thermal stability of polyurethanes such as synthesis of polyurethanes with high thermal stability in addition to investigating other methods like synthesis of polyurethane with s-triazine ring, aromatic ring or azomethane linkages, using hyper branched polyols such as crosslinking agents are investigated. Improving thermal stability with the formation of hybrids and methods of increasing flame retardancy of polyurethanes are also other subjects that are investigated in the present article. Finally, analyses that are related to thermal stability and flame retardant are presented.
Journal of Studies in Color World
Institute for Color Science and Technology
2251-7278
4
v.
3
no.
2014
13
31
https://jscw.icrc.ac.ir/article_76364_f17e54a662b98fc9027633b59665ba24.pdf
Review on hybrid (organic-inorganic) coatings with low oxygen and water vapor permeation for packaging industry
Mahmood
Rezaiee
Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology
author
Mohsen
Mohseni Bozorgi
Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technolog, Amirkabir University of Technology
author
text
article
2014
per
Most surface coatings have properties such as mechanical, physical, thermal, chemical, and optical properties for different applications. For some applications such as food and pharmaceutical packaging, encapsulation of the electrochemical cells, such as solar cells and light emitting diodes, in addition to these general properties, impermeability to moisture is also important. These coatings are designed for such applications based on the structure of the high crosslinking density, proper polarity (hydrophilic / hydrophobic) and the degree of crystallinity. These coatings can be prepared from organic polymer, inorganic or hybrid (organic – inorganic) materials. This coverage can be a single layer or multiple layer through several processes deposited on polymeric substrates. Hybrid coatings are intended for such applications, because of the structure of organic and inorganic materials can combine the properties and features of organic materials such as flexibility, toughness, processing and properties of inorganic material such as elasticity, surface energy and resistance against permeation. In this paper a review on the properties of these hybrids have been discussed.
Journal of Studies in Color World
Institute for Color Science and Technology
2251-7278
4
v.
3
no.
2014
33
46
https://jscw.icrc.ac.ir/article_76365_e3cfa9ae37471ed9be7063556a7f89a6.pdf
An overview on the anti-corrosion properties of the pigments based on iron oxide nanoparticles
Aliasghar
Javidparvar
Department of Minning an d Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology
author
Bahram
Ramezanzadeh
Surface Coating and Corrosion Department, Institute for Color Science and Technology
author
Ebrahim
Ghasemi
Inorganic Pigment and Glazes Department, Institute for Color Science and Technology
author
text
article
2014
per
In recent years, corrosion protection of the steel structures by organic coatings has led to a lot of cost payment. Organic coatings due to their barrier properties against corrosion species access to the steel surface can protect the steel against corrosion. However, the corrosive electrolyte diffusion into the coating matrix through porosities and damaged parts leads to the coating hydrolytic degradation resulting in the decrease of coating barrier performance. To overcome this problem and improve the corrosion protection properties of the coatings, various kinds of anti-corrosive pigments are used. Chromates are one of the most effective anti-corrosive pigments. Since chromate-based pigments have high toxicity and environmental hazards, researchers are tried to investigate the alternative materials that reduce environmental hazards and also have a good anti-corrosion properties. Due to the non-toxic, low cost and availability of the iron oxide based pigments, the researchers attention directed to the investigation of their properties. The motivation of this study is to provide an overview of the methods for the synthesis of the anti-corrosion pigments based on iron oxide and the relationship between the structure and particle size with their anti-corrosion properties. Also, the methods for improving the anti-corrosion properties of these pigments will be considered.
Journal of Studies in Color World
Institute for Color Science and Technology
2251-7278
4
v.
3
no.
2014
47
60
https://jscw.icrc.ac.ir/article_76366_d913d51947ef8a23ecfd7170d7fdb47b.pdf
The Importance of Color in Urban Space
Sajad
Ferdowsi
Geography and Urban Planning, The University of Payame Noor
author
Pari
Shokri Firozjah
Geography and Urban Planning, The University of Payame Noor
author
text
article
2014
per
Nowadays attention to the issue of color in urban spaces and the correct use of experts in the field of planning and urban design is considered as a major step forward in improving the quality of life. According to recent advances in paint of the building industry, development of communications and cultural exchanges, population growth and migration and other factors in cities, existence a coherent plan that controls the process of evolution and avoids chaos and the loss of identity of urban spaces, it is essential for any city. In this context, "color" is proposed as a means for protecting the identity and sense of place in urban spaces and recently it has become a major concern of planners. In this regard, in present study to descriptive-analytical method and with the aim of attention to issue of color engineering in cities, its tried by studying and understanding the effects of color in urban spaces, it could be emphasized the need for a comprehensive program in this field. The results of this study states that it is necessary, according to the formulation of plans and programs to somehow deal with mentioned problems and fitting that the next to urban different designs, it is considered the issue of color engineering in cities too which in turn, it can be followed dramatic change in this field as one of the pillars of urban beautification.
Journal of Studies in Color World
Institute for Color Science and Technology
2251-7278
4
v.
3
no.
2014
61
72
https://jscw.icrc.ac.ir/article_76367_2d0e4268407cc2180d23b917af1c0fbc.pdf
Colour Forecasting (Part2: Trends and Process)
Hossein
Izadan
Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology
author
Samaneh
Dashti
Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology
author
Forough
Mahyar
Faculty of Architecture & Urban Planning, Art University of Isfahan
author
text
article
2014
per
The first part of this paper focused on colour forecasting and its history. The present paper was defined to investigate the methods and models in colour forecasting process. Different methods of data collection in each level of colour forecasting process were investigated and several techniques of data analysis were introduced. The current process for colour forecasting was interrogated. Suggestions to obtain a better colour forecasting process were presented. The next part of this paper will epitomize on the forecasted colours in past year and decade, relying on the causes and reasons of the selections.
Journal of Studies in Color World
Institute for Color Science and Technology
2251-7278
4
v.
3
no.
2014
73
84
https://jscw.icrc.ac.ir/article_76368_2fe619b1f2da8c3bd52f7dafca43b0e0.pdf
Color and Constitution of Organic Dyes: A Review of More than a Century Research
Sadegh
Mahvidi
Department of Organic Colorant, Institute for Color Science and Technology
author
Ali
Ahtiani Abdi
Department of Organic Colorants, Institute for Color Science and Technology
author
Farahnaz
Nourmohammdian
Department of Organic Colorants, Institute for Color Science and Technology
author
text
article
2014
per
Relationships between the colour and constitution of organic dyes have long been a subject of great interest to both theoretical and organic chemists and as a consequence a vast number of publications on this subject have appeared in the scientific literature since Witt first proposed his theory of chromophores and auxochromic groups more than a century ago. The advent of quantum theory greatly accelerated progress in this field and the eventual development of quantitative methods for spectroscopic predictions has proved to be of considerable practical value in the search for new dyes. Certainly today the colour chemist is in a position to predict the visible absorption spectrum of any conjugated molecule, however complex, if not with high precision, at least with some confidence as to the general appearance of the spectrum relative to some model chromogen. In spite of the obvious importance of colour and constitution studies, general review papers on this topic have been relatively scarce up until a few years ago. This paper will review the history and development of color and constitution issue and introduce various theoretical and practical methods in this area with a focus on organic dyes in discussions.
Journal of Studies in Color World
Institute for Color Science and Technology
2251-7278
4
v.
3
no.
2014
85
103
https://jscw.icrc.ac.ir/article_76369_517d0cd39454e7a96fd69dfd7dfb31a4.pdf
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text
article
2014
per
Journal of Studies in Color World
Institute for Color Science and Technology
2251-7278
4
v.
3
no.
2014
0
0
https://jscw.icrc.ac.ir/article_81510_50457722fcbad75563cf5ce3e2bedc24.pdf