A Review on the Application of Optical Brightener Agents in Textile Industry

Document Type : Review paper

Authors

1 Department of Textile Engineering, Kar Higher Education Institute

2 Color Physics Department, Institute for Color Science and Technology

Abstract

Optical brighteners are colorless organic compounds that, with fluorescent mechanism, absorb the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation and emit it at a higher wavelength (blue area of the visible spectrum). The use of optical brightener agents in small quantities can improve the reflective properties of the fabric in the visible spectrum, providing a perceptible white appearance as real white for a clean and pleasant appearance of textile. The widespread use of optical brightener agents in other industries such as detergents, cosmetics, paper, printing, coatings, etc. has made these materials an undeniable role in everyday life. The performance of these materials, like other colorants, is affected by various factors. These materials are often based on stilbene, coumarin, pyrazoline, naphthalimide and naphthoxazoline, giving different applications and affinities to different fibers. Therefore, due to the high commercial importance of these materials, investigation of bleaching mechanism, chemical structures as well as their potential hazards is necessary and always discussed. This article aims to identify more about fluorescent brighteners in the textile industry in terms of performance and classification, application and properties, factors affecting efficiency, commercial market and finally environmental impacts of them.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

1- R. Hirschler, D. F. Oliveira, A. F. Azevedo," Whiteness determination of optically brightened textiles", Ifatcc, Viewed at 2019, https://www.ifatcc.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01 /PL07.pdf, 2018.
2- ر. جعفری، "سفیدی: تعاریف، مفاهیم و اندیس‌‌ها"، نشریه علمی ترویجی مطالعات در دنیای رنگ، 4، 56-49، 1392.
3- M. Crable, "Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and luminous reflectance factor", Tappi, Test Method, T 1216 sp-181216 sp-03, October 30, 2007.
4- J. Lin, R. Shamey,D. Hinks, "Factors affecting the whiteness of optically brightened material", ‎J. Opt. Soc. Am. A:, 29, 2289-2299, 2012.
5- I. Yzaguirre, "Stoke illustration- the munsell colour tree, a representation of the Munsell", Munsell Color System, https://www.pinterest.com/i_de_yzaguirre/munsell-color-system/ Viewed at 2019.
6- س. ح. امیر شاهی، ف. آگهیان، "فیزیک رنگ محاسباتی"، انتشارات ارکان دانش، اصفهان، 1386.
7- AVM Chemical Industries,"Chemistry of Optical Brightener and uses in Textile Industries and its Mechanism", https://docplayer.net/21130422-Chemistry-of-optical-brighten-and-uses-in-textile-industries-and-its-mechanism.html, Viewd at 2019.
8- K. W. Housera, M. Weia, A. Davidb, M. R. Krames, "Whiteness Perception under LED Illumination", J Illum. Eng. Soc. 10, 165-180, DOI: 10.1080/15502724.2014.902750, 2014
9- ح. نجفی کوتنایی، "تکنیک های صنعتی در شیمی نساجی"، انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی واحد صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، 1385.
10- S. M. Fijul Kabir, M. I. Iqbal, P. P. Sikdar, M. M. Rahman, Sh. Akhter,"Optimization of parameters of cotton fabric whiteness",  Eur. Sci. J. 10, 200-211, 2014
11-"Machinenery for preparation of Textiles", NPTEL, Viewed at 2019, https://nptel.ac.in/courses /116/102/116102016, 2015
12-R. williamson, "Fluorescent brightening agent", https://nptel.ac.in/ courses/ 116104046/ 39.pdf, Viewed at 2019.
13- S. Kumar, "Types and properties of fluorescent brightening agents and their application on textile industries", fiber2 fashion.com, https://www.fibre2fashion.com /industry-article/7259/types-and-properties-of-fluorescent-brightening-agents-and-their application -on-Textile-industries, Viewed at 2019
14- M. Vik, "Visual evaluation of white samples near to CIE limits", Proceedings of the 4th CIE Expert Symposium on Colour and Visual Appearance, Prague, Czech Republic, 484-492, 2016
15-"Properties of fluoroscent whitening agents for textiles", Textile learner, Viewed at 2019, http://textilelearner.blogspot.com/2011/05/description-of-optical-brightening-4142.html, 2011.
16- S. R. Karmakar, "Textile Science and Technology", Academic Press, Elsevier, Volume 12, Chapter 10, 1999.
17- ه. سید اصفهانی، ع. شمس ناتری، "تکمیل کالای نساجی II"، سفیدگری و مرسریزاسیون، انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی واحد صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، 1389.
18- Z. Aman, "Efficiency of Fluorescent Whitening Agents in Pigment Coatings", Faculty of Science and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering, Master thesis, September 2012.
19- R. Chakrabarti, A. Vignesh,"The Chemistry of Optical Brightening Agent and Its Environmental Impact" Fiber2 fashion.com, https://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/5710 /the-chemistry-of-optical-brightening-agent, Viewed at 2019.
20- K. Hunter,"Optical Brighteners: The Dangers of Bluing", Mother Earth Living, https://www.motherearthliving .com/wiser-living/optical-brighteners-bluing, 2012.
21- Ciba Specialty Chemicals, "Optical Brighteners", Value beyond chemistry, Viewed at 2019 http://www.cibasc.com, April 1999.
22- M. S. Mondal, N. Hassan, I. H. Sakib, P. Sarkar, "Experimental Investigation for Improving the Wash Fastness of Optical Brightening Agent (OBA) on Cotton Knitted Fabric", j. polymer. text. eng. 5, 1-10, 2018.
23-"Optical brighteners", O Ecotextile, Viewed at 2019, http://oecotextiles. wordpress.com/ 2010 /07/14/optical-brighteners/, 2010.
24- M. Tutak, O. Demiryu, ¨rek, S. Bulut, D. Haroglu, "Analysis of the CIE whiteness and whiteness tint of optically whitened cellulosic fabrics", Text. Res. J. DOI: 10.1177/004051751 0380111, 2010.
25- J. Lin, R. Shamey, T. Joel, "The effect of texture on perception and measurement of whiteness", Aatcc Rev. 12, 61-68, 2012.
26- L. Yuzheng, J. Lin, R. Shamey, "Influence of texture on perceived whiteness of objects", Color and Imaging Conference, 21st Color and Imaging Conference Final Program and Proceedings, 128-133, 2013.
27- "Optical brighteners", Textile learner, http:// textilelearner.blogspot.com/2014/05/factors-influencing-functions-of.html, 2014.
28- N. P. Sonaje , M. B. Chougule ,"Comparison of whiteness index of cotton fabric bleached with recycled wastewater", Int. J. Innov. Res. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2, 3946-3951, 2013.
29- V. Layton,"Problem with Optical Brighteners (And what you can about it)", Hello natural living, Viewed at 2019, https://www.hellonaturalliving.com/problems-with-optical-brighteners/, January 20, 2017.
30- BASF Chemical Company, "Additives for Adhesives and Sealants", Additives for top performance, Viewed at 2019, https://www.dispersionspigments.basf.com/portal/load/fid793202/Booklet, 2008.
31- K. Peltier,"Optical Brighteners: Fight the Chemical Glow!", Well Gal, Viewed at 2019, https://wellgal.com/optical-brighteners-fight-glow-buy-products-them/, 2015.
32- K. Peltier,"Why Optical Brightening chemical are not needed in laundry detergents", Thespruce, Viewed at 2019, https:// www.thespruce.com/optical-brighteners-chemicals-not-needed -1707025,08/13/2018, Updated 06/27/2019.
33- S. Iyer, "Monitoring Optical Brighteners help track watershed pollution", Water world, https://www.waterworld .com/ home/ article/16191040/monitoring-optical-brighteners-helps-track-watershed-pollution December 1, 2006
34- R. A. Mustalish, "Optical brighteners: history and technology", Stud. Conserv. 45, 133-136, 2000.
35. . I. M. Asib, "Effect of optical brightening agent on different types of fabrics", J.Sci.Technol. 9, 37-41, 2014.
36- "Fluorescent brightener", chemical book, https://www.chemicalbook.com/ProductCatalog_EN /2215.htm,Viewed at 2019.
 37-"Optical brightening agent in paper", Pulp paper mill, Viewed at 2019, http://www. pulppapermill.com/tag/optical-brighteners-in-paper/, 2018.
 38-"Industry insights", grand view research, http://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis /optical-brighteners-market,Viewed at 2019.
39-"Optical brightener market over view", Variant market research, http://www.variantmarketresearch.com/report-categories/ consumer -goods/optical-brighteners-market, Viewed at 2019.
40- MUDP report, "Substitution of optical brightener agent in industrial textile", Ministry of environment and food of Denmark, Viewed at 2019, https://mst.dk/service/publikationer /publikationsarkiv/2018/okt/substitution-of-optical-brightener-agents-in-industrial-textiles/,October 2018.
41- Cara.B,"Why We Won't Use Artificial Brighteners", seventh generation, Viewed at 2019, https://www.seventhgeneration. com/blog/why-we-wont-use-artificial-brighteners, 2015.
42- م. صفی، ف. طاهری، "مروری بر مشکلات زیست محیطی مواد سفیدکننده نوری"،همایش ملی مواد رنگزا، محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار، آذر 1397.
 
Journal of Studies in Color World
Volume 9, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
November 2019
Pages 65-78

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 03 September 2019
  • Revise Date: 07 December 2019
  • Accept Date: 07 December 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics