کاربرد روش‌های زیستی در رنگبری پساب‌های حاوی مواد رنگزا‌ آزو

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه

2 کارشناس،گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه

3 کارشناس، گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه

چکیده

انواع مواد رنگزا مصنوعی که توسط صنایع مختلف در طول فرایند تولید و یا مصرف در محیط آزاد می‌‌شوند، یک تهدید جدی برای محیط‌‌زیست می‌‌باشند. مواد رنگزای آزو آزو به‌‌دلیل کاربردهای فراوانی که در صنایع نساجی، کاغذ‌‌سازی، غذا، چرم، لوازم آرایشی و صنایع دارویی دارند،  قسمت عمده فاضلاب‌‌های رنگی را تشکیل می‌‌دهند. این ترکیبات به‌‌دلیل طبیعت زنوبیوتیکی و پایداری بالا، در برابر تجزیه زیستی مقاوم می‌‌باشند. تحقیقات گسترده‌‌ای در مورد جذب و تجزیه زیستی فاضلاب‌‌های رنگی مقاوم انجام شده‌‌است. توانایی میکروارگانیسم‌‌ها و آنزیم‌‌های تجزیه‌‌گر برای رنگ‌‌زدایی پساب‌‌های رنگی و یا جذب آن‌‌ها سبب شده‌‌است که روش‌‌های زیستی به‌عنوان یک روش موثر و کارآمد و یک جایگزین مناسب برای روش‌‌های معمول تصفیه‌‌ای شناخته شوند. حذف زیستی ترکیبات مواد رنگزا از پساب‌‌های رنگی مزایای متمایزی را نسبت به روش‌‌های معمول فیزیکی و شیمیایی ارائه می‌‌دهد که از‌‌جمله آن‌‌ها می‌‌توان به معدنی‌‌سازی و تبدیل مواد رنگزا‌‌ به ترکیبات غیر‌‌مضر و غیر‌‌آلی (مثل دی‌‌اکسید کربن و آب) و کاهش لجن اشاره کرد. در این مقاله انواع مختلف جاذب‌‌های زیستی مانند قارچ‌‌ها، باکتری‌‌ها، مخمر، جلبک‌‌ها و گیاهان که قادر به حذف این آلاینده‌‌ها و تصفیه فاضلاب‌‌های رنگی هستند، مورد بررسی قرار‌‌گرفته‌‌است. قارچ‌‌ها و جلبک‌‌ها در مقایسه با سایر جاذب‌‌های زیستی توانایی بالایی در جذب ترکیبات مواد رنگزا از خود نشان‌‌دادند. هم‌‌چنین بحث‌‌های تکمیلی در مورد سازوکارهای مختلف و تأثیر عوامل موثر در رنگ‌‌زدایی فاضلاب‌‌های رنگی انجام شده‌‌است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of biological methods in decolorization of azo dye containing wastewaters

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Jalilnejad 1
  • Mehran Alizadeh 2
  • Salar Fakhraddin fakhriazar 3
1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Urmia University of Technology
2 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Urmia University of Technology
3 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Urmia University of Technology
چکیده [English]

A variety of synthetic dyestuffs released by different industries pose a threat to environmental safety. Azo dyescomprise huge amount of dye wastewater because of their extensive use in thetextile, paper, food, leather, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. These compounds are generally recalcitrant to biodegradation due to their xenobiotic and stable nature. There has been exhaustive research on biosorption and biodegradation of these resistent dye wastewaters. The ability of microorganisms and their degrading enzymes to decolorize dye containing wastewater or their adsroption has led to biological methods that could be recognized as an effective and appropriate alternative to conventional purification methods. Biological removal of dyes from wastewater of textile and dyestuff manufacturing industries offers distinct advantages over the commonly used chemicals and physical methods such as mineralization and conversion of dyes to harmless inorganic compounds )like carbon dioxide and water( and also formation of less sludge. In this paper evaluation of various biosorbents such as fungi, bacteria, algae and yeast, which are capable of decolorizing dye wastewaters is conducted. Algal and fungal biomasses have shown excellent color removal capability in comparison to other biosorbents. Also, comprehensive discussions about different mechanisms involved and the effects of various factors on dye wastewater decolorization is also performed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dye wastewater
  • Azo Dye
  • Biological treatment
  • Bacteria
  • Fungi
  • Algae

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مطالعات در دنیای رنگ
دوره 8، شماره 3
آذر 1397
صفحه 27-40

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 تیر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 04 مهر 1397

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