مروری بر ساختار شیمیایی، کاربرد و روش‌های شناسایی چسب‌های کازئینی در آثار تاریخی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده حفاظت آثار فرهنگی، گروه مرمت و باستان سنجی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، ایران، صندوق‌پستی: 5164736931.

2 دانشیار، دانشکده حفاظت آثار فرهنگی، گروه مرمت و باستان سنجی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، ایران، صندوق‌پستی: 5164736931.

چکیده

کازئین یکی از پروتئین‌هایی است که همواره رد و نشان استفاده از آن در آثار تاریخی دیده‌شده است. کازئین را از شیر پستانداران به‌خصوص شیر گاو استخراج کرده و در کاربردهای هنری همانند: بست نقاشی، آهار کاغذ، پوشش‌‌دهی چوب‌‌ها، افزودنی در ملاط‌‌های گچی و یا به‌عنوان چسب در حوزه حفاظت و مرمت استفاده می‌‌شود. هدف از انجام این پژوهش معرفی کاربرد‌‌های کازئین، نحوه ساخت این ماده به‌عنوان چسب، ساختارشناسی کازئین و درنهایت معرفی روش و آنالیز‌‌های شیمیایی برای شناسایی این ماده طبیعی در آثار تاریخی است. طبق یافته‌‌های این پژوهش مشخص گردید: الف: ترکیب مناسب برای ساخت این نوع چسب از کازئین، آهک هیدراته، اکسید‌‌های سدیم و اکسید سیلیکات، نمک‌‌های فلزی و آب است ب: ساختار کازئین بیشتر به‌صورت کروی بوده و دارای بخش آب‌دوست و آب‌گریز است که باعث ایجاد ضدآبی در برخی از آثار تاریخی مانند نقاشی می‌‌شود ج: آنالیز‌‌های دستگاهی مانند طیف‌سنجی رامان، کروماتوگرافی گازی-طیف‌سنجی جرمی (GC-MS)، کروماتوگرافی لایه‌نازک (TLC) و روش‌‌های شیمی تر (آزمون نقطه‌‌ای) مانند آزمون نین هیدرین و آزمون بیوره در جهت شناسایی پروتئین به‌خصوص کازئین بیشترین کاربرد را دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review of the Chemical Structure, Applications and Methods of Identifying Casein Adhesives in Historical Properties

نویسندگان [English]

  • hamed yagubzadeh 1
  • Mehdi Razani 2
1 Faculty of cultural materials conservation, Tabriz Islamic Art University, P. O. Box: 5164736931, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Faculty of cultural materials conservation, Tabriz Islamic Art University, P. O. Box: 5164736931, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Casein is one of the proteins that have been used historically, and traces of its use have been visible throughout history. Casein is extracted from mammalian milk, especially cow's milk, and is used in works of art such as painting staples, paper slats, wood veneers, additives in gypsum mortars, or as an adhesive in the field of conservation and restoration. This study aimed to introduce the applications of casein, how to make adhesive from this material, the structural properties, and finally, methods and chemical analysis introduced to identify this natural substance in historical works. According to the findings of this study, it was determined: A: casein, hydrated lime, sodium oxides and silicates, metal salts, and water are suitable compounds for making casein glue B: casein structure is more spherical and has a hydrophilic and hydrophobic part which causes waterproofing in some historical works such as paintings. c: instrumental analyzes such as Raman spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and more chemical methods (Spot test) such as Ninhydrin test and Biore test is applicable to identify proteins, especially casein

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Conservation and Restoration
  • Casein
  • Milk
  • Additive
  • Coating
  • Casein micelles

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مطالعات در دنیای رنگ
دوره 12، شماره 1
تیر 1401
صفحه 37-50

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 مرداد 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 آبان 1400

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