مروری بر کاربرد مواد ترموکرومیک در تهیه منسوجات هوشمند

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده هنر، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران, ایران، صندوق‌پستی: ۱۹۹۳۸۹۳۹۷۳.

2 استاد، گروه طراحی پارچه و لباس، دانشکده هنر، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران, ایران، صندوق‌پستی: ۱۹۹۳۸۹۳۹۷۳.

3 استاد، گروه پژوهشی مواد رنگزای آلی، پژوهشکده مواد رنگزا، پژوهشگاه رنگ، تهران، ایران، صندوق‌پستی: 654-16765.

4 استادیار، گروه پژوهشی علوم و فناوری چاپ، پژوهشکده فیزیک رنگ، پژوهشگاه رنگ، تهران، ایران، صندوق‌پستی: 654-16765.

چکیده

مواد تغییر رنگ‌‌دهنده حساس به دما، که به آن‌ها مواد ترموکرومیک گفته می‌شود، به طور برگشت‌‌پذیر، رنگ کالا را تحت تاثیر محرک‌ خارجی یعنی دما تغییر می‌‌دهند. این مواد به واسطه تغییر رنگ در یک محدوده دمایی خاص برای تهیه منسوجات هوشمند مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرند. انواع مختلفی از مواد ترموکرومیک در دسترس هستند که می‌‌توان آن‌‌ها را به دو دسته مستقیم و غیرمستقیم طبقه بندی کرد. سازوکار تغییر رنگ سامانه‌های ترموکرومیک مستقیم بازآرایی مولکولی، تغییر در ساختار بلوری و استریوایزومری است در حالی که سازوکار تغییر رنگ در سامانه‌‌های غیرمستقیم پدیده‌‌های هالوکرومیسم یا آیونوکرومیسم می‌‌باشند. مواد ترموکرومیک با افزایش و کاهش دما به طور مکرر و برگشت‎پذیر تغییر رنگ می‌دهند و می‌توانند از حالت رنگی به بی‌رنگی و یا برعکس و یا از یک رنگ به رنگ دیگر تغییر کنند. این مواد را می‌توان با مواد رنگزای معمولی ترکیب کرد و رنگ‎های جدیدتری به دست ‌آورد. مواد رنگزای ترموکرومیک به دلیل حساسیت بالای محیطی و خاصیت واکنش‌پذیری کم، نمی‌توانند بطور مستقیم بر روی منسوجات استفاده شوند. معمولا اجزای سازنده آن‌ها به روش‌های مختلف میکروکپسول‌سازی پایدار می‎شوند. مواد ترموکرومیک از طریق رنگرزی یا چاپ برای تولید منسوجات هوشمند بکار برده می‌‌شوند. این منسوجات در زمینه‌های مختلفی مانند نمایشگرهای پوشیدنی، حسگرها، مواد استتاری، مواد ضد جعل و صنایع نظامی استفاده می‌شوند. منسوجات چاپ شده با میکروکپسول‌های ترموکرومیک در برابر شستشو از خواص ثباتی مناسبی برخوردارند، اما نسبت به نور، حلال‌ها و دماهای بالا بسیار حساس هستند و تخریب می‌‌شوند

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Review of the Application of Thermochromic Materials in the Preparation of Smart Textiles

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vida Abedi tame 1
  • Farideh Talebpour 2
  • Kamaledin Gharanjig 3
  • mojtaba jalili 4
1 Faculty of Art, Alzahra University, P. O. Box:1993893973, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Textile and Fashion Design, Faculty of Art, Alzahra University, P. O. Box:1993893973, Tehran, Iran.
3 Department of Textile and Fashion Design, Faculty of Art, Alzahra University, P. O. Box:1993893973, Tehran, Iran.
4 Department of Printing Science and Technology, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P. O. Box: 16765-654, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Thermochromic or thermochromic materials change color reversibly with an external stimulus, i.e. temperature. It is used to change color in a certain environmental range to prepare smart textiles. A variety of thermochromic materials are available, which can be classified into direct and indirect. Thermochromic materials change color in a subtle and reversible way with increasing and decreasing temperature and can change from colored to colorless or vice versa or from one color to another. These materials can be combined with ordinary colors and get newer colors. Thermochromic dyes cannot be used on direct textiles due to the surrounding environment and low reactivity. They are usually used in the form of microcapsules. Thermochromic materials are used to produce smart textiles through dyeing or printing. These textiles are used in various fields such as wearable displays, sensors, insulation materials, anti-counterfeiting materials, and military industries. Textiles printed with thermochromic microcapsules have good stability properties but are very sensitive to light, solvents, and high temperatures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Thermochromic materials
  • Smart Textiles
  • Color Change
  • Intelligentization
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