مروری بر تاریخچه و مفهوم چند نوع براقیت

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس پژوهشی، گروه پژوهشی دوباره تولید رنگ و کنترل رنگ، پژوهشکده فیزیک رنگ، پژوهشگاه رنگ، تهران، ایران، صندوق پستی 654-16765.

2 استادیار، گروه پژوهشی دوباره تولید رنگ و کنترل رنگ، پژوهشکده فیزیک رنگ، پژوهشگاه رنگ، تهران، ایران، صندوق پستی 654-16765.

چکیده

یکی از جنبه‌های مهم کنترل کیفیت اجسام، ارزیابی ویژگی های ظاهر اجسام است. ویژگی‌های ظاهری اجسام که نقش بسیار مهمی در بیان کیفیت، زیبایی و چشمگیری محصول ایفا می‌کنند عمدتا به دو گروه مشخصه های رنگی و صفات هندسی تقسیم بندی می شوند. در کنار ویژگیهایی نظیر بافتار، وضوح تصویر، پوست پرتقالی و غیره، عامل براقیت از جمله مهم‌ترین مشخصه‌های هندسی سطوح به شمار می‌آید که بر درک چشمی افراد از ظاهر اجسام بسیار موثر بوده است و موجب ادراک سطح با ظاهری درخشان و با تلائو می‌گردد. ارزیابی عامل براقیت در کنترل کیفیت محصولات صنایع مختلف نظیر نساجی، خودروسازی، چاپ، بسته‌بندی و غیره بسیار حائز اهمیت است. تحقیقات مختلفی جهت هم راستایی تعریف مفهوم براقیت به لحاظ دستگاهی و درک چشمی آن صورت گرفته که هدف نهایی آنها دستیابی به مدل‌های توصیفی جهت کمی نمودن پدیده براقیت در تطابق با نتایج ارزیابی چشمی این مفهوم هستند. مقاله حاضر، ضمن توصیف و تعریف جنبه‌های مختلف ادراک براقیت و اهمیت آن در صنایع مختلف مروری بر تحقیقات صورت گرفته در حوزه روش‌های مختلف ارزیابی و کمی‌سازی براقیت خواهد داشت

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review on the History and Concept of Some Type of Glosses

نویسندگان [English]

  • Najmeh Khalili 1
  • Razieh Jafari 2
1 Department of Color Control and Color Reproduction, Color Physics Faculty, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 16765-654, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Color Control and Color Reproduction, Color Physics Faculty, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 16765-654, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One crucial aspect of object quality control involves assessing their visual properties. Objects possess three key properties that significantly contribute to their quality, beauty, and impressiveness. These properties can be primarily categorized into colorimetric characteristics and geometrical properties. Among these attributes, the gloss factor stands out as one of the most significant geometrical properties of surfaces. It profoundly impacts how people perceive an object's appearance, creating the impression of a bright and shiny surface. The evaluation of the gloss parameter holds great importance in quality control across various industries, including textiles, automotive, printing, packaging, and more. Numerous research studies have been conducted to harmonize the definition of the gloss concept, bridging the gap between instrumental measurement and human visual perception. The ultimate objective of these studies is to develop descriptive models that accurately quantify gloss and align with the results of human visual perception. This paper provides a comprehensive description and definition of the various perceptual aspects of gloss, highlighting its significance in diverse industries. Additionally, it reviews research carried out in the field, focusing on different evaluation methods and the quantification of gloss.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gloss
  • Distinctness of Image
  • Orange peel
  • Appearance
  • Gloss meter
Khalili N, Ameri F. Effect of illumination/observation geometries on visual assessment of certain geometric attributes of automotive Paints. J Color Sci Tech. 2013;7:323-330,  https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.17358779. 1392.7.4.6.1 [In Persian].
2. Hunter RS, Harold RW. The measurement of appearance. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1987.
3. Jafari R, Ameri F, Khalili N, Effect of some appearance factors on blackness perception of automotive finishes from the customer viewpoint. J Color Sci Tech. 2016;10:185-193. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.17358779 .1395.10.3.6.0 [In Persian].
4. Khalili N, Ameri F. A review on the Appearance Control Methods in Automotive Finishes. J Stud Color World. 2013;3:3-12. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.22517278.1392. 3.3.2.8 [In Persian].
5. Pointer M.R, Ji Wi, Luo RM, Dakin J. Gloss as an aspect of the measurement of appearance. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2006;23:22-33. https://doi.org/10.1364 /JOSAA.23.000022.
6. Hanson AR. Good Practice Guide for the Measurement of Gloss, National Physical Laboratory Report, No.94, 2006.
7. Safi M, Khalili N, Arabi M. Effect of various opacifiers on color parameters and gloss of glazed tiles. J Color Sci Tech. 2012;5:253–261. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.1735 8779.1401.16.3.1.7 [In Persian].
8. Fairchild MD, Color apearance models, Second edition, Wiley Inter science, 2005.
9. Pfund AH, The measurement of gloss. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 1930;20(1):23-25. 
10. Hunter RS. Methods of determining gloss. J Res Natl Bur Stand. 1937;18(1):19–41.
11. Chadwick AC, Kentridge RW. The Perception of gloss, A Rewied. J Visres. 2015;109(Part B):221-235. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.visres. 
12. Mondonneix G, Chabrier S, Mari JM, Gabillon A. Tahitian pearls luster assessment automation. In 2017 IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR), Washington, DC, USA: IEEE, 2017:1–9. https:// 10.1109 /AIPR.2017.8457974.
13. https://www.rhopointinstruments.com/faqs/"Why buy an IQ not a gloss meter. 
14. Harrison V. Poulter S, Gloss measurement of papers – The effect of luminance factor. Br J Appl Phys. 1951;2(4):92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0508-3443/2/4/302.
15. Middleton WEK, Mungall AG. The luminous directional reflectance of snow. J Opt Soc Am. 1952;42(8):572–579. 
16. Beck J, Prazdny S. Highlights and the perception of glossiness. attention, perception, & psychophysics, 1981;30(4);407–410. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF0320 6160.
17. Billmeyer FW, O’Donnell FX D, Visual gloss scaling and multidimensional scaling analysis of painted specimens. J Color Res Appl. 1987;12(6):315–326. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1002/col.5080120606.
18. Sève R. Problems connected with the concept of gloss. J Color Res Appl. 1993;18(4):241–252.https://doi.org/ 10.1002/col.5080180407.
19. Ferwerda JA, Pellacini F, Greenberg DP. A psychophysically based model of surface gloss perception. Proceedings of SPIE, 2001;4299:291–301. https://doi.org/ 10.1117/12.429501.
20. Marlow P, Kim J, Anderson BL. The role of brightness and orientation congruence in the perception of surface gloss. J Vision, 2011;11(9). http:// dx.doi.org/10.1167/11.9.16.
21. Leloup F. B, Obein G. Pointer MR, Hanselaer P. Toward the soft metrology of surface gloss: A review. J Color ResAppl. 2013;39(6):559–570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002 /col.21846.
22. Nishida SY, Shinya M. Use of image-based information in judgments of surface-reflectance properties. J Opt Soc Am A. 1998;15(12):2951–2965. https://doi.org/ 10.1364/ JOSAA.15.002951.
23. Fleming RW, Dror RO. Adelson EH. Real World Illumination and the perception of surface reflectance properties. J Vis. 2003;3(3):347-368. https://doi.org/10. 1167/3.5.3.
24. Wendt G; Faul F, Ekroll V, Mausfeld R. Disparity, motion, and color information improve gloss constancy performance. J Vis. 2010,10(9):7,1-17. https://doi.org/ 10.1167 /10.9.7.
25. Cavina-Pratesi C, Kentridge. RW, Heywood CA, Milner AD, Separate channels for processing form, texture, and color: evidence from FMRI adaptation and visual object agnosia, cerebal cortex. 2010;20(10):2319–2332.https: // 10.1093/ cercor/bhp298. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
26. Cavina-Pratesi C, Kentridge RW, Heywood CA, Milner AD. Separate processing of texture and form in the ventral stream: evidence from FMRI and visual agnosia, Cerebral Cortex. 2010;20(2):433–446. https://doi.org/10.1093/ cercor/bhp111.
27. International Organization of Standards, ASTM D523:2014, Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss. USA: ASTM; 2014.
28. International Organization of Standards, ASTM E430:2011, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Gloss of High-Gloss Surfaces by Abridged Goniophotometry. USA: ASTM; 2011.
29. International Organization of Standards, ASTM D5767:2018, Test Method for Instrumental Measurement of Distinctness-of-Image Gloss of Coated Surfaces. USA: ASTM; 2018.
30. Novo-gloss IQ, Goniophotometer Instrument Manual, Rohopoint Instrument LTD.
31. Boeckler GK, Measuring gloss and reflection properties of surfaces, J. Tappi,1996;79(9). https://api.semanticscholar .org /CorpusID:114775250.
32. International Organization of Standards, ASTM E284:2012, Standard Test Method for Standard Terminology of Appearance. USA: ASTM; 2012.
33. Hemashankar G, Correlation between visual perception and waviness measurements for coated surface, Master Thesis; University of Windsor, 2008.
34. Gradischnig H. First experience with the wave scan DOI and correlation to the visual perception, 6th Wave-scan User Meeting, Konigsdrof, Germany: BYK- Gardner, Gereststried, Germany, 2004.
35. Wave-scan DOI, The new generation for understanding the appearance of coatings, 9th BYK-Gardner European User Meeting, 2010.
36. Ma J, Xu H, Luo M, Cui G. Color appearance and visual measurements for color samples with gloss effect, Chin Opt Lett. 2009;7:860-872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/COL200 90709.0869.