رنگرزی الیاف نساجی با دی‌اکسید کربن فوق بحرانی: مبانی، پیشرفت‌ها و چشم‌انداز آینده

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسنده

دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی نساجی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران، صندوق‌پستی: 8915818411.

10.30509/jscw.2025.167624.1253

چکیده

رنگرزی منسوجات به‌دلیل مصرف بالای آب، انرژی و مواد شیمیایی، چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی قابل توجهی را به همراه دارد. در این میان، فناوری رنگرزی با دی‌اکسید کربن فوق بحرانی (scCO₂) به عنوان یک جایگزین نوآورانه، با قابلیت تجاری و دوست‌دار محیط‌زیست مطرح شده است که با حذف کامل آب، تولید پساب را به صفر می‌رساند. این مقاله مروری به بررسی مبانی فیزیکی شیمیایی این فناوری، از جمله نقش scCO₂ در کاهش دمای انتقال شیشه‌ای الیاف و تسهیل نفوذ رنگزا می‌پردازد. در ادامه، عوامل کلیدی فرایند مانند دما، فشار و غلظت بررسی شده و تحقیقات انجام شده در زمینه کاربرد این فناوری بر روی طیف وسیعی از الیاف شامل پلی‌استر، نایلون، اکریلیک، سلولزی، پروتئینی و بازیافتی تحلیل می‌شود. همچنین، راهکارهای نوین مانند استفاده از رنگزاهای راکتیو-دیسپرس، میسل معکوس برای رنگزاهای یونی و راهبردهای کنترل دینامیک فرایند برای افزایش بازده مورد بحث قرار گرفته‌اند. تحقیقات نشان می‌دهد این فناوری قادر به تولید منسوجاتی با کیفیت و ثبات رنگی برابر یا حتی برتر از روش‌های آبی است و چشم‌انداز روشنی را برای تولید پاک در صنعت نساجی ترسیم می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Dyeing Textile Fibers with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Fundamentals, Advances, and Future Perspectives

نویسنده [English]

  • Aminoddin Haji
Department of Textile Engineering, Yazd University, P. O. Box: 8915818411, Yazd, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Textile dyeing presents significant environmental challenges because of the high consumption of water, energy, and chemical agents. Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) dyeing is an innovative, commercially viable, and environmentally friendly alternative technology. By completely eliminating water from the process, effluent generation is reduced to zero. This review examines the physicochemical fundamentals of this technology, including the role of scCO₂ in reducing the glass transition temperature (Tg) of fibers and facilitating dye diffusion into the fiber matrix. Furthermore, key process parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and concentration, are reviewed, and the application of this technology in dyeing various fibers, including polyester, nylon, acrylic, cellulosic, protein, and recycled fibers, is analyzed. Additionally, innovative strategies to enhance efficiency, including the application of reactive-disperse dyes, reverse micelles for applying ionic dyes, and dynamic process control, are discussed. Research indicates that this technology can produce textiles with quality and color fastness properties equivalent to or superior to those using aqueous methods, thus presenting a promising outlook for the clean production of textiles.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Waterless dyeing
  • Glass transition temperature
  • Wastewater
  • Supercritical carbon dioxide
  • Polyester

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مطالعات در دنیای رنگ
دوره 16، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1405
صفحه 34-15

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 05 مهر 1404

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