نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 مرمت، دانشکده معماری و مرمت، دانشگاه هنر شیراز،شیراز، ایران
2 گروه فرش، دانشکده هنرهای صناعی، دانشگاه هنر شیراز، شیراز، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
This study represents the first comprehensive structural analysis of gilding layers in Zand-era mural paintings. Employing a multi-analytical approach including FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDS, and CIELAB, the chemical composition, structure, and degradation mechanisms of these decorative layers were investigated. The findings reveal significant differences between the two sites: in the Karim Khan Citadel, the gold layer primarily consists of high-purity gold foil (approximately 70% Au) applied over a gypsum-based substrate (CaSO₄·2H₂O and CaSO₄) with proteinaceous binder (likely animal glue) and oil, exhibiting a smoother surface and higher brightness (L* ≈ 63.13). In contrast, the Divankhaneh Mansion utilized gold amalgamtechnique (with about 70% Hg and 20% Au), incorporating secondary metallic elements such as copper (Cu), silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and iron (Fe), characterized by surface irregularities and lower brightness (L* ≈ 57.55). FTIR confirmed the presence of proteins and oils, XRD identified dominant mineral phases (gypsum and huntite), and SEM-EDS highlighted elemental variations. These results provide a scientific foundation for sustainable conservation strategies.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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