مروری بر ساختارشناسی، بهینه‌سازی و کاربردهای چسب سریشم

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده حفاظت آثار فرهنگی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز

2 استادیار، دانشکده حفاظت از آثار فرهنگی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز

چکیده

سریشم یکی از مواد طبیعی است که از پروتئین پستانداران و ماهی‌ها ساخته‌شده و در آثار تاریخی و فرهنگی به‌عنوان آهار، ماده افزودنی در ترکیبات مختلف، پوشش‌دهنده در چوب، بست در نقاشی و مرکب استفاده می‌شود. در طی هزاران سال به‌مرور، برخی اصولی کلی برای ساخت چسب‌های حیوانی به وجود آمده است ولی بعد از انقلاب صنعتی و توسعه چسب‌های پلیمری به‌تدریج نحوه تهیه مناسب این چسب‌ها در مقیاس غیر‌صنعتی نیز رو به فراموشی نهاده است. هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر آشنایی با ساختار چسب حیوانی سریشم، عوامل مؤثر در بهینه‌سازی این چسب، معرفی افزودنی‌های مختلف برای بهبود آن و نحوه شناسایی سریشم در آثار تاریخی و فرهنگی است. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، ساختار اصلی چسب‌‌ حیوانی سریشم از پروتئینی بنام کلاژن که بیشترین توالی آمینو اسیدهای آن گلسین و پرولین است تشکیل‌شده، ازاین‌رو با توجه با ساختار فوق‌الذکر که نقش اصلی را در آماده‌ و بهینه‌سازی سریشم دارد بایستیpH ، دما و وزن مولکولی به‌عنوان عوامل تأثیرگذار بر کیفیت کلاژن مورد توجه قرار گیرد، افزودنی‌هایی مانند گلیسرین، زاج سفید و عسل بر بهبود خواص سریشم ازجمله قدرت چسبندگی و انعطاف‌پذیری می‌تواند مؤثر واقع شود و در نهایت آنالیز‌های دستگاهی طیف‌سنجی جرمی و طیف‌سنجی زیر‌قرمز (FTIR) که برای شناسایی و تفکیک نوع سریشم‌ها کاربرد دارد، معرفی‌شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review on Characterization, Optimization and Applications of Animal Glue

نویسندگان [English]

  • hamed Yaghubzadeh 1
  • mehdi Razani 2
1 Faculty of cultural materials conservation, Tabriz Islamic Art University
2 Faculty of cultural materials conservation, Tabriz Islamic Art University
چکیده [English]

Animal glue is one of the natural materials that is composed of proteins of mammals, fish is used in historical and cultural
In history and culture, animal glue is one of the natural materials composed of proteins from animals and fish. It has been used as sizing material and additives in various compositions, coatings in wood, fasteners in paintings, and inks. Due to the thousands of years using animal adhesives, some principles for making have been established over time. Still, after the industrial revolution and the development of polymer adhesives, the proper preparation of this adhesive is gradually (non-industrial production) being forgotten. The purpose of this study is to get acquainted with the structure of animal glue, the effective factors in optimizing animal glue, the introduction of various additives to improve animal glue, and how to identify it in historical and cultural artifacts. According to the results, the main structure of animal adhesives is collagen protein, which consists of amino acid sequences such as glycine and proline. The pH, temperature, and molecular weight should be considered in optimizing animal adhesives. Additives such as glycerin, white alum, and honey can improve the properties of animal adhesives, including adhesion strength and flexibility. Finally, mass spectrometry, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyses are used to identify and distinguish the type of Animal glue.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Animal glue
  • collagen
  • Skin
  • Temperature
  • Conservation of cultural materials
  • Additives


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مطالعات در دنیای رنگ
دوره 11، شماره 4
اسفند 1400
صفحه 1-12

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 تیر 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 05 تیر 1400

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