فرامواد و پدیده نامرئی‌شدگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسنده

دانشیار، گروه پژوهشی نانوفناوری رنگ، پژوهشگاه رنگ، تهران، ایران، صندوق‌پستی: 654-167654.

چکیده

نامرئی‌شدن یکی از آرزوهای دیرین بشر بوده که امروزه علوم بینایی و نانومواد با پیشرفت‌های وسیع خود آنرا ممکن کرده است و این امر با استفاده از فرامواد (متامتریال) امکان‌پذیر شده است. فرامواد، که در طبیعت یافت نشده و ساخته دست بشر می باشند دارای خواص نوری شگرفی از جمله ضریب شکست منفی هستند. در حالت عادی نوری که به جسم غیر‌شفاف برخورد می کند از آن بازتاب شده و به چشم بر می خورد. فرامواد این رابطه دو طرفه نور و اشیاء را دچار تغییر و تحول می کنند بنحوی که نور بدون اینکه بازتاب شود در اطراف جسم تغییر جهت داده و از آن عبور می کند. در این حالت چون نوری به چشم نمی رسد جسم نامرئی می شود. در این مقاله با استفاده از اصول فیزیک نور و توضیح پدیده شکست نور و پلاسمون سطح، کلیاتی در مورد نحوه نامرئی شدن اجسام و روش‌های تهیه فرامواد ارائه خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Metamaterials and invisibility

نویسنده [English]

  • Sousan Rasouli
Department of Nanomaterial and Nanocoating, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran, P. O. Box: 167654-654.
چکیده [English]

Invisibility is one of the aspirations of human beings that the optics and materials have made, and metamaterials make this achievable. Metamaterials have amazing optical properties, including a negative refractive index, which are not found in nature and must be prepared with special techniques. Normally, the light that hits an opaque object is reflected from it and becomes visible. Metamaterials transform this two-way relationship between light and objects so that the light changes its direction around the object without being reflected and passing through it. In this case, the object becomes invisible because no light is visible. In this article, general information about how objects become invisible and methods of preparing metamaterials will be presented by using the principles of light physics and explaining the phenomena of light refraction and surface plasmon.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Metamaterials
  • Refractive index
  • Invisibility
  • Surface plasmon
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